Barriers to Justice: Investigating the Personal and Professional Challenges Faced by Judges and Lawyers in Somalia: A Case Study in Puntland

Purpose: This study investigates the challenges faced by judges and lawyers in Puntland, Somalia, focusing on how personal and professional obstacles hinder their effectiveness and undermine the integrity and authority of the judicial system. It aims to explore the multifactorial social, cultural, political, and institutional barriers confronting legal professionals in the region. Methodology: A qualitative research design was employed, using in-depth interviews to gather data from legal practitioners in Puntland. The study utilized purposive sampling to gain insights into the lived experiences of judges and lawyers. Findings: The findings reveal that legal practitioners face numerous personal challenges such as emotional stress, threats to physical safety, financial constraints, and work overload. Professionally, they are hindered by insufficient legal resources, outdated infrastructure, and limited training opportunities. Furthermore, judicial independence and impartiality are compromised by political interference and clan-based affiliations, contributing to a weakened justice system. Unique Contribution to Theory and Policy: This study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the interplay between personal, professional, and socio-political challenges in a fragile legal system. It offers policy recommendations including the enhancement of professional development, promotion of judicial independence, strategic allocation of resources, and reforms to address cultural and political pressures. These measures are essential for building a more transparent, efficient, and fair legal system in Puntland, thus reinforcing the rule of law and democratic governance.