Numerical analysis and optimization of MASnI ₃ -based halide perovskite solar cell using CIGS as HTL

Lead-free halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are getting significant attention due to their impressive ability to achieve substantial power conversion efficiency (PCE), favorable optoelectrical and electrical characteristics, and environmentally friendly attributes. We introduce an optimized simulated version of an innovative device utilizing methyl–ammonium–tin–iodide (MASnI 3 ). This device demonstrates notable efficiency, substantial open-circuit voltage and an economically viable straightforward fabrication process. Specifically, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) has been selected as the hole transport layer (HTL) and zinc oxide (ZnO) has been selected as the electron transport layer (ETL) from various options. Key perovskite parameters, like defect density, thickness and acceptor density, were systematically adjusted, and it was determined that the peak performance occurred at [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], 1200[Formula: see text]nm and [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], respectively. Both the hole and electron transport layers have been set at a thickness of 10[Formula: see text]nm. Throughout the experiment, the PSC temperature was maintained at 300[Formula: see text]K, and the anode platinum (Pt) was selected due to its high work function of 5.7[Formula: see text]eV. The unique configuration of these PSCs resulted in a maximum PCE of 29.16%. The open circuit voltage registered at 0.99[Formula: see text]V, while the short circuit current density reached 34.37[Formula: see text]mA/cm 2 . Furthermore, the fill factor was recorded at 86.52%. This unique solar cell can supply power to remote areas and meet the energy demands of high-power-consuming residential, commercial and industrial sectors.