Accurate Location Method for Abnormal Line Losses in Distribution Network Considering Topology Matching and Parameter Estimation in Grid

With the increasing emphasis on managing line losses, accurately locating and analyzing abnormal line losses in distribution networks has become a critical challenge in implementing effective loss reduction strategies. Aiming at locating and analyzing abnormal line losses caused by equipment aging in the distribution network, an accurate location method considering topology matching and parameter estimation in the grid is proposed. Firstly, a topology matching model based on a support vector machine in the grid is established to identify the real-time topology connection relationship within the distribution network. The accuracy of SVM is enhanced through an optimized parameter selection strategy. Secondly, a multi-objective optimization model is built employing the operation data collected by the measurement equipment, focusing on voltage and power estimation to form a parameter estimation model. This model focuses on voltage and power estimation, improving the accuracy of parameter estimation compared to single-parameter optimization methods. The weighting coefficient is selected to minimize the solution error. Finally, by comparing the deviation between the estimated values of the branch parameters and the theoretical values, the aging degree of each branch is evaluated, and branches with abnormal line losses are accurately located. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using the IEEE 33-bus distribution network, demonstrating its potential for improving the accuracy of identifying abnormal line losses caused by equipment aging and supporting enhanced distribution network management.