Enhancing water distribution network design: A reliability‐focused case study of Amouzgar town in Kangavar city

Abstract The optimization of water distribution networks (WDNs) is essential for enhancing operational reliability while minimizing costs. This research presents a novel computer code utilizing the Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA‐II) multi‐objective optimization algorithm for designing WDNs in Amouzgar town, Kangavar city. Two methodologies were employed: One minimized network costs while reducing maximum allowable pressure deficiency, and the other minimized costs while maximizing the Network Reliability Index (NRI). The effectiveness of the optimized networks was evaluated using key reliability indicators, including the Nodal Pressure Reliability Index (NPRI) and the Network Pipe Velocity Reliability Index (NVRI). Results show significant cost savings, with Method 1 achieving $32 186 and Method 2 $34 948. Additionally, Method 1 improved NPRI values from 0.41 to 0.49 and NVRI from 0.42 to 0.73 during peak consumption hours, reflecting enhanced system reliability. This study underscores the importance of integrating reliability into WDN design while achieving cost‐effective solutions.