Development and Validation of Overall Survival and Amputation-Free Survival Prediction Models for Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease Who underwent Endovascular Therapy

This study demonstrates that both OS and AFS prediction models exhibit good discriminative ability to predict survival rate and AFS rate in patients with PAD. PAD patients with DM, DRF, Rutherford classification R5 and R6, absence of antiplatelet, and cilostazol therapy were associated with significantly lower OS and AFS rates. Controlling these risk predictors may be guide patient care in clinical settings.Clinical ImpactIn this multicenter longitudinal study, 2792 patients were included in the overall survival (OS) and amputation-free survival (AFS) prediction models development and validation. Patients with modifiable risk factors could potentially benefit from strategies aimed at preventing disease process (Rutherford classification), controlling comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and dialysis-dependent renal failure), and enhancing adherence to medical therapy (antiplatelet and cilostazol therapy). Our models have ability to predict survival and AFS rates at multiple time points, thereby facilitating early identification of high-risk patients and enabling timely interventions to optimize patient outcomes.