Modelling the Impact of Drained and Undrained Conditions on GHG Emissions in Croplands: A Case Study in Lincolnshire, UK

ABSTRACT Agricultural drainage plays a crucial role in land management and crop productivity but significantly impacts greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study examines the effects of drained and undrained soil conditions on GHG emissions in croplands via a case study in Lincolnshire, United Kingdom. The ECOSSE (Estimating Carbon in Organic Soils – Sequestration and Emissions) model was employed to simulate carbon and nitrogen fluxes under varying water table depths and management scenarios. The results indicate that drained soils exhibit lower methane (CH 4 ) emissions due to increased aeration but higher carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions due to enhanced microbial activity and organic matter decomposition. Conversely, undrained soils show reduced CO 2 and N 2 O emissions but significantly higher CH 4 emissions under anaerobic conditions. Seasonal variations were evident, with peak emissions occurring in late spring and early summer. These findings emphasize the need for balanced drainage strategies, such as controlled water table management, to mitigate GHG emissions while maintaining agricultural productivity. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers and land managers seeking sustainable land‐use practices that align with climate change mitigation goals.