Interpreter style in translating complex terminology and psychosocial aspects of genetic counseling sessions

Two styles of interpretation exist: word-for-word and sense-for-sense, and there is no consensus on which style is preferred or how this may affect communication in genetic counseling sessions between the healthcare provider and the interpreter. This exploratory study investigated different interpreter approaches and styles used when encountering genetic counseling sessions to further characterize communication nuances between genetic counselors and interpreters. A 34-question survey assessed interpreters' style of interpretation, understanding of genetic counseling, and approach to translation. Overall, there were 29 respondents from three different interpreter organizations. Thirteen respondents indicated that they typically interpret in a word-for-word approach, whereas 13 utilize sense-for-sense. Participants reported knowledge of five commonly used genetics terms (89%), although fewer noted that all these terms were easy to translate (65%). Respondents' reactions to statements about genetic counseling, measured on a 5-point Likert scale, indicated an overall high understanding of aspects of a genetic counselor's role; however, many indicated a belief that genetic counselors require testing (25%, n = 7). This research better outlines the interpreter perspective in genetic counseling sessions and points to a potential opportunity for improving the working relationship by implementing additional training experiences for genetic counseling sessions or conducting a brief presession discussion.