Tracking global large lake surface temperature variation from space using MODIS land surface temperature product

Water temperature monitoring plays a crucial role in the ecological functioning and biogeochemical cycling of aquatic ecosystems. Compared to conventional methods, satellite remote sensing provides a more efficient way to assess lake surface water temperature (LSWT) variations, particularly for large, remote water bodies. In this study, MODIS Land Surface Temperature (LST) product Level 3 (MOD11A2) is employed to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in LST for global inland water bodies with areas exceeding 25 km 2 . This research aims to understand LSWT variations and identify the contributing factors. The findings indicate that during the nighttime, LSWT in different lakes ranges from −11 °C to 26 °C, while diurnal temperature differences (DTDs) range from 1.3 °C to 16.9 °C. Factors such as lake depth, surface area (or volume), altitude, geographical location, and water supply sources are shown to influence LSWT variations. This study addresses the gap in long-term LSWT research for lakes larger than 25 km 2 worldwide, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms driving LSWT changes in similar lake systems. • Global LSWT pattern with lake surface area > 25 km 2 were assessed with MODIS LST. • Analysis of LSWT variations and driving mechanism at multiple scales. • Air temperature is the most significant factor affecting the changes in LSWT.