Agricultural Practices’ Impact on Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal: Eliminating World Hunger

The growth of populations faced with chronic hunger requires the implementation of effective studies and measures to mitigate this problem. The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in achieving this goal. The purpose of this article is to empirically study the impact of agricultural practices on the hunger crisis, with a focus on the European context The research methodology is based on an analytical design that correlates a statistical analysis of the implementation of organic farming agricultural practices in EU countries between 2010–2020 and how this could affect the alleviation of hunger in those regions. The indicators of labour productivity and organic land are calculated to identify trends in the sustainability of agriculture in the EU between 2015 and 2024. The results demonstrate the differentiation between EU countries by the structure of implementation of different farming methods, with a predominance of conventional methods of soil cultivation. The most common methods are conservation tillage and those with minimal mechanical intervention. The volume of organic farming in the Member States declined between 2010 and 2020. The EU Agricultural Real Income Index, with an upward trend in 2016–2024, indicates the potential of relevant activities to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal of ending hunger. The growth of agricultural labour productivity was driven by mechanization and a reduction in employment. This indicates an increase in the level of sustainability of agricultural practices. The increase in the productivity of organic land in the EU was due to an increase in the demand and thus volume of organic production. Therefore, in general, there are positive changes in achieving the goal of overcoming hunger due to the growth of the agricultural sector income, its overall productivity and the productivity of organic farming land. These factors will serve as the basis for the sustainability of the industry, which could in turn support the mitigation of hunger.