Effect of phase and modes coupling of whispering gallery modes on quantum state transfer between nitrogen vacancy centers

Abstract We theoretically investigate an efficient scheme for quantum state transfer (QST) between two nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) centers coupled to the whispering gallery modes (WGM) of a micro-resonator. We analyze the impact of mode coupling and the distance between two N-V centers on the dynamics of state transfer. Specifically, we explore QST under three coupling regimes:comparable coupling ( J ≃ g ), strong mode coupling J ≫ g , and weak mode coupling J ≪ g , also incorporating system decay factors (WGM decay Γ and N-V dephasing γ ) at different interparticle distances. Our study shows that by adjusting the system control parameters, quantum information can be transferred between N-V centers with high efficiency. Additionally, the fidelity of QST reaches approximately 99% in all cases, with an oscillatory pattern, reflecting the intricate interplay between NV-resonator and mode coupling strengths. These findings underscore the importance of interparticle distance and mode coupling in the realization of solid-state qubit-based quantum information processing devices.