TOURISTIC TRENDS IN THE FIRST AND SECOND CENTURIES OF HIJRI

This research aims to provide an in-depth methodological perspective on the role of tourism in Islamic civilization and its significant impact on cultural and social development.It highlights the richness and diversity of Islamic civilization and reflects the lasting influence of tourism in shaping human relationships throughout the ages.This work is regarded as a call to rediscover the rich cultural heritage that is an essential part of Islamic identity.The research examines tourism in Islamic civilization from historical, cultural, and social perspectives, focusing on its various dimensions and its impact on shaping Islamic societies over the centuries.It begins with a study of tourism before the advent of Islam, when the Arabian Peninsula served as a commercial and religious hub attracting pilgrims and traders.The research emphasizes the importance of pilgrimage as a fundamental pillar of Islam, which contributed to strengthening social and cultural ties among different tribes and facilitating the exchange of goods and ideas.The study then transitions to the Islamic conquests, highlighting the increased flow of visitors to Mecca and Medina, while underscoring the role of major cities such as Kufa, Basra, and Damascus as vibrant cultural and scientific centers.The research analyzes how these cities enriched Islamic thought by attracting scholars and intellectuals, leading to advancements in sciences and arts.Furthermore, the research explores other forms of tourism that emerged during this period, such as cultural and religious tourism, and examines how they facilitated interaction between Muslims and diverse cultures, promoting the exchange of knowledge.These interactions are considered a source of inspiration for many cultural and intellectual movements that arose within the Islamic world.In summary, this research investigates the profound role of tourism in the flourishing of Islamic civilization, demonstrating its significance in fostering mutual understanding and enriching the human experience.