Biomaterials and tissue engineering strategies for management of neurodegeneration: A critical perspective

Despite its importance, the nervous system is susceptible to impairment from strokes, severe injuries, and neurological disorders. Studies have shown that people with neurological disorders are more likely to suffer death. Substantial unfulfilled clinical demands exist because existing pharmaceutical and therapeutic approaches only alleviate symptoms and do not produce novel tissue regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). Although there is hope for stem cell-based regeneration treatments, there are challenges to overcome, including graft rejection, expense, and ethical concerns. This review explores the potential of contemporary polymeric biomaterials for the treatment of neurological conditions. It highlights their promising application to brain tissue engineering for efficient rejuvenation and repair. To address the challenge of present therapies, neuronal tissue implementation is targeted at developing sophisticated biomaterials. In-vitro and In-vivo environments, scaffold composed of synthetic and natural polymers resembles the extracellular structure, stimulating cell proliferation and improving biological function. Several materials, including hydrogels that are made of collagen, possess the potential for regenerating damaged nerve tissue, simulating the brain's environs, and circumventing the traditional challenges of administering medications. One therapeutic approach that might be used for the management of neurodegeneration disorder is the use of polymeric scaffolds. Their potential to transform brain tissue repair and regeneration hinges on their incorporation into therapeutic procedures.