Ombudsman təsisatının fəaliyyətinə dair hüquqi tənzimləmələr: müxtəlif dövlətlər üzrə müqayisəli təhlil

Respect for human rights and freedoms in governance is a requirement of a modern legal state. To achieve governance that is flexible, participatory, transparent, citizen-oriented, and in line with good governance principles, the importance of oversight institutions must be particularly emphasized. The ombudsman is an institution that serves this purpose and exists in modern legal states. The functioning of this institution is legally regulated in different forms in various countries. In order to identify the most successful practices, a comparative analysis of these regulations must be conducted. Therefore, the main objective of the presented article is to carry out a comparative legal analysis of ombudsman institutions in different countries. In this context, the Swedish model, as the first example of such a state, has been analyzed, the legal foundations of the European Ombudsman’s activities have been examined, and the experience of the United Kingdom has been reviewed as an Anglo-Saxon country. The main reason for this selection was to explore the legal regulations of leading states representing each existing legal system. The comparative analyses were carried out using both the analysis of theoretical literature and legal documents. During these analyses, similarities and differences with the legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan were also identified. To this end, institutions in our country that could be considered stakeholders with the ombudsman were analyzed, and similarities and differences among these institutions were investigated. Taking into account the role of the ombudsman in our country and in comparative law, information is provided about its development process, characteristics, and practical examples, and its contributions to the protection of human rights have been examined. Keywords: Ombudsman, protection of human rights, parliamentary ombudsman, legal regulation, types of ombudsman.