Effects of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss. fruit (Fructus Cnidii) extract on male erectile function in experimental animals

Context: Epidemiological data have shown a high prevalence and incidence of erectile dysfunction (ED) worldwide. There is a tendency to use traditional medicines to treat ED. Among them, Fructus cnidii (the mature fruit of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss.) is often included in products for ED management. Aims: To evaluate the potential effects of an alcoholic extract of Fructus Cnidii on erectile function in conscious rabbits and on intracavernous pressure (ICP) in anesthetized rats. Methods: Male New Zealand White rabbits were randomized to receive a single dose of sildenafil 4.5 mg/kg b.w, or Fructus Cnidii extract 60 mg/kg b.w. Erection was then evaluated by measuring the length of uncovered penile mucosa and total erection time. Male Wistar rats were randomized to receive a single dose of sildenafil 10 mg/kg b.w or Fructus Cnidii extract 150 mg/kg b.w. ICP and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were determined by cavernous nerve electrostimulation before and after treatment with Fructus Cnidii extract. Results: Our results showed that no significant difference was detected in penis length at various time points and total erection time between rabbits receiving sildenafil and Fructus Cnidii extract. Fructus Cnidii extract increased basal ICP, maximal ICP, response time, and ICP/MAP index but did not affect MAP in rats. Conclusions: Fructus Cnidii extract showed positive effects on erectile function in experimental male animals.