THE PRINCIPLE OF «HISTORICAL CONTINUITY» IN THE FORMATION AND ORGANIZATION OF OPEN PUBLIC SPACES IN CITIES

The open public space of cities acts as a holistic concept that cannot be dismembered and is a systemic structure that exists in the flow of time and carries traces of history, politics, culture, economic development and technological progress. In general, this structure is stable, but always changing in detail, and its growth and shape are only partially under control. This process of city formation has no final result, it is absolutely continuous. That is why there is a need to derive specific principles and techniques on the basis of which these spaces can be organized. The article analyses the theoretical and practical components of research on the formation and organization of open public spaces in cities. Certain laws of Ukraine also regulate the organization of open public spaces in cities. The issue of the formation of open public spaces in cities has been researched in detail, taking into account cultural, social, economic, urban planning, historical, aesthetic and environmental aspects, but there is a need to systematize these developments and identify similarities in order to derive special principles and techniques for organizing these spaces.The principle of «historical continuity» is the organization of open public space based on history and specific local features, as well as its relationship with the historical environment. The historic city should be viewed as a complex system that reflects the history and specific local characteristics in a concentrated form, which create its own uniqueness. Thus, the organization or reconstruction of open public spaces in cities in the historical environment should be carried out in compliance with the principle of «historical continuity». This principle affects the planning, volumetric-spatial and functional organization of the space, as the main focus should be on the existing dominants, and not transferred to new zones, functions and volumetric-spatial structures of the space. The principle of "historical continuity" in open public spaces of cities is revealed through the following techniques: emphasis on existing historical artifacts; centripetal organization of space for bringing people together. The use of the principle of "historical continuity" and the techniques of centripetal organization of space to bring people together and emphasize the existing historical artifact that is revealed is the basis for the organization of open public spaces in the centers of historically formed cities. To enhance the impact on the open public space, the principle of "historical continuity" can be used in conjunction with any of the other special principles presented in the publication.