Detection Of DNA Molecule Using Liquid Crystal : A Critical Analysis

The advancement of liquid crystal (LC) technology has significantly accelerated the development of biosensing platforms. The long-range molecular ordering characteristic of LCs imparts LC droplet-based biosensors with high response rates, facile operational procedures, and enhanced stability. Liquid crystals exhibit unique optical and responsive properties, making them suitable for label-free and real-time detection of various analytes, including proteins, DNA, and pathogens. This abstract presents an overview of the advantages, principle and fabrication procedure LC- based biosensor through liquid crystal droplet interface. The liquid crystal (LC) molecules adopt a homeotropic alignment induced by the presence of a surfactant at the substrate interface and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) at the aqueous interface. The target specific ssDNA probe interacts with the CTAB and the alignment changes from homeotropically to planar resulting in fan like structures. ssDNAprobe was allowed to interact with the ssDNAtarget resulting in the rearrangement of the LC molecules and appearance of dark colour when observed through POM.