Research on an Adaptive Voltage Droop Control Strategy for MTDC Systems Based on Small‐Signal Steady‐State Analysis

ABSTRACT The dynamic performance of power electronic interface power supplies is enhanced by the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) through the emulation of synchronous generator (SG) characteristics. In voltage source converter‐based multiterminal high‐voltage direct current (VSC‐MTDC) systems, DC voltage regulation is achieved through the coordinated participation of converter stations, where the power reference of the VSG is influenced by DC voltage control. The droop coefficient of the VSG's DC voltage loop is found to significantly affect both the dynamic convergence of port power output and the steady‐state distribution of port power. In this study, the impact of DC voltage droop control on system performance is analyzed, the influence of the droop coefficient on steady‐state power distribution is assessed, and an optimization strategy is proposed to enhance the dynamic output characteristics of VSC‐MTDC systems. Through simulations, it is demonstrated that the optimized droop coefficient improves system stability, accelerates dynamic response, and effectively balances power and frequency regulation. These findings provide valuable insights for the practical implementation of VSG‐based control strategies in VSC‐MTDC networks.