In-vitro evaluation of Cytotoxic effect of Essential oils in Human Lung Cancer cell line (A549) by MTT Assay

Cancer has been the threat on overall human population since ancient times. It involves uncontrolled cellular growth which has the potential to invade other parts of body. Lung carcinoma is one of the subtypes of cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Essential oils, derived from aromatic plant sources have complex chemical composition and possess potential therapeutic properties. Essential oils are known for their ability to relieve cancer associated pain and have been extensively studied for their anti-cancer properties. In this study, the cytotoxic effect of essential oils (Lavender, Sandalwood and Lemongrass) was studied on lung cancer cell line (A549) by MTT assay. 10,000 cells/well were plated in 96 well plate and treated with different concentrations (0.0001% to 0.1%) of essential oils (Lavender, Sandalwood and Lemongrass). It was observed that Sandalwood oil showed cytotoxic effect in A549 cell line whereas; Lavender oil and Lemongrass oil were not cytotoxic at their highest concentration (0.1%). Hence, Sandalwood oil may be used as a potential agent for development of anti-cancer drug for lung cancer treatment.