Implementation of the Project-Based Learning Model to Enhance Collaborative Skills of Elementary School Students

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model in developing collaborative skills among elementary school students. The research is guided by the question: How effective is the Project-Based Learning model in enhancing elementary students’ collaborative skills? A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted, examining 15 peer-reviewed articles published between 2021 and 2024. Analysis revealed that 86.7% of the reviewed studies reported that PjBL significantly improves students' communication, teamwork, and shared responsibility. Key success factors include the design of contextual projects, structured learning stages, and supportive learning environments. Identified challenges include limited instructional time, group management difficulties, and varying student competencies. Recommended strategies to overcome these issues include scaffolding techniques, improved group dynamics, and comprehensive assessment tools. Furthermore, the integration of PjBL with local cultural values and alignment with the Merdeka Curriculum further supports its effectiveness in fostering collaboration. In conclusion, PjBL is a promising model for developing collaborative skills in elementary education settings.