Effects of interactions and boundary conditions on the performance of many-body quantum batteries

We systematically investigate the performance of many-body quantum batteries (QBs) with open boundary conditions (OBCs) and periodic boundary conditions (PBCs). Specifically, we apply a general approach to study the effects of interactions and boundary conditions on ergotropy and power in the Ising-, XXX-, XXZ-, and XYZ-type QBs. We find that the Ising and XYZ models can serve as viable candidates for illustrating the superiority of the collective charging proposal. For these two types of QBs, the interactions between the cells play an important role in the enhancement of ergotropy and power. Moreover, the boundary conditions significantly influence the performance of the QBs. For a smaller QB system, the QB with PBCs outperforms the QB with OBCs. Finally, we show the scaling relationships of the maximum power for the QBs and find that the superiority of collective charging for the Ising- and XYZ-type QBs with appropriate boundary conditions can be maintained in infinite QB systems.