Influence of vestibular migraine on cognition: a questionnaire-based study

Abstract Introduction This study hypothesized a link between cognitive abilities and vestibular migraine. The vestibular system connects the inner ear to the midbrain and subcortical structures, and abnormalities in this system can cause vestibular problems. Recent findings suggest that individuals with vertigo often experience cognitive issues, such as problems with attention, memory, and spatial perception. Despite growing interest in the relationship between vestibular disorders and cognition, specific disorders like vestibular migraine remain underexplored. Methods A non-experimental group comparison was conducted with 65 participants. Group I ( n = 25, mean age 32.68 years) included clinically normal individuals, and Group II ( n = 40, mean age 40.35 years) comprised participants with vestibular migraine. An online questionnaire based on the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination (NCSE) assessed cognition. Scores ranged from 0 (most cognitive issues) to 20 (few cognitive issues). Results Mann–Whitney U tests revealed significant differences between groups ( p < 0.05), with Group II displaying more cognitive problems. Chi-square tests showed cognition-related responses were dependent on group type. There were no significant differences between groups for associated conditions like hypertension, hearing loss, or diabetes. Conclusions A significant association between vestibular migraine and cognitive issues was found. These findings emphasize the vestibular system’s influence on cognition and suggest that better diagnostic and rehabilitation strategies could improve patient outcomes.