Methods of financial valuation of intellectual assets of an enterprise and peculiarities of their reflection in accounting

Changes in the accounting principles caused by changing business conditions, economic development, rising living standards, emergence of new needs and scientific and technological progress create an urgent need to reflect and value intellectual assets of enterprises in accounting. The purpose of this paper was to review the current principles and methods of analysing intellectual assets at enterprises, and to compare the global experience in this area with the Ukrainian one. In writing the paper, analytical and comparative methods of scientific analysis were used to formulate final conclusions about the specifics of valuation and reflection of intellectual assets in accounting. The study described the main approaches to the valuation of intangible assets in accordance with international and Ukrainian auditing standards. The methods that should help auditors to more effectively evaluate such assets and reflect them in accounting were considered. Significant differences in the approaches and standards reviewed were shown, which is not a positive sign for the Ukrainian audit system. For a more effective future of Ukrainian economic development, the country should change its auditing standards so that they become more and more similar to international standards. Different approaches to the classification of intellectual capital, including its division into human, structural and consumer capital, were investigated. It was found that the valuation of intangible assets should take into account not only the value of goodwill, but also the role of the asset in the specific conditions of the enterprise. The analysis showed that the introduction of digital technologies in intangible asset management has a positive impact on the development of new business models, especially in sectors with intensive use of intellectual property rights. The peculiarities of amortisation of intellectual assets, including the criteria for determining the need for amortisation and the methods of its calculation in accordance with Ukrainian legislation, were summarised. The results of the study will be useful for auditors in formulating public policy, especially in the context of the development of Ukrainian accounting legislation