Two-Stage Optimization Model for Parcel Replenishment Delivery Based on Mobile Lockers

This study addresses the replenishment delivery of packages received at the warehouse during the mobile lockers delivery process by establishing a two-stage optimization model. The first stage plans the delivery of parcels that arrived at the warehouse the previous day, while the second stage focuses on supply vehicles replenishing parcels that arrive during the delivery period. And the large neighborhood search algorithm is developed to solve the problem, and its accuracy and effectiveness are validated through numerical experiments. The results indicate that incorporating replenishment delivery significantly enhances customers' requirement for timeliness, with 400% to 600% of parcels successfully replenished on average. Additionally, replenishment contributes to substantial cost savings, reduces the travel distances of mobile locker, and decreases carbon emissions.