Optimal Shared Energy Storage Capacity Configuration in Multi-energy Microgrids Considering Battery Lifetime Loss Based on Relaxation Techniques

Installing shared battery energy storage systems (BESSs) in multi-energy microgrids (MEMGs) with the high penetration of inverter-based resources can effectively promote renewable consumption; nevertheless, how to configure the BESS capacity is an important issue. Therefore, we propose an optimal BESS capacity configuration method considering BESS lifetime loss based on stochastic programming and relaxation techniques. First, we present a basic framework of the shared BESS. Second, we consider the BESS lifetime loss based on the rain-flow counting algorithm, and the uncertainties of renewable generation and loads based on stochastic programming. Third, we propose a bilevel program for optimal shared BESS configuration in MEMGs, and then we convert the bi-level program into a single level mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model using relaxation techniques, the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions, and the Big-M method. Finally, we verify the validity of our models through conducting case studies. The results show that the shared BESS can effectively reduce the configured capacity and cost of the BESS.