Single Cell Energy Router Justification for Three Phase Near Zero Energy Buildings

The rise of building-integrated photovoltaics and distributed electric vehicle charging has led to significant phase imbalances in utility grids, challenging service providers due to limited behind-the-meter visibility. This paper introduces a novel Single-Cell Three-Phase (SC-TP) Energy Router (ER) that accesses all phases and balances them without the complexities and costs associated with conventional three-phase systems. Our comparative analysis shows that the SC-TP ER reduces phase unbalancing by 16% and achieves cost savings, offering a viable alternative to three-phase solutions with 25% reduction in cost.