Ефективність фітнес-занять у поліпшенні функціонального стану жінок 40-50 років

Topicality. At the current stage of society’s development, there is a tendency for the health of the population of Ukraine to deteriorate. Researchers associate this process with a deficit of physical activity, caused by technological progress and a decrease in physical activity in everyday life, while regular physical activity is an effective tool for maintaining health, preventing excess body weight and obesity, as well as reducing the risk of developing a wide range of diseases and psycho-emotional disorders in women aged 40-50. The purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of fitness classes in improving the functional state of women aged 40-50. Material and methods of the study. The formative experiment was conducted with the participation of women aged 40-50 in two groups: experimental (n=24) and control (n=24). Before the beginning of the experiment and after its completion, specialized testing was conducted, which included an assessment of the level of individual physiological indicators. The content of the classes in the control group consisted of traditional aerobic exercises, while the experimental group used individualized fitness training tools. The difference of the experimental method was in the complex and individualized approach, which combined physical exercises, functional exercises, breathing techniques and static postures (asanas), aimed at the prevention of the most common diseases among women of this age period. Results of the study. Functional parameters of the respiratory system in the experimental group also exceeded the corresponding values in the control group. The vital capacity of the lungs was higher (2.84±0.51 liter vs. 2.7±0.36 liter, p < 0.05), as well as the minute respiratory volume (5.31±0.59 liter-1‧min vs. 4.7±0.56 liter-1‧min, p < 0.05). Maximum lung ventilation in women of the experimental group was also significantly higher (88.53±2.32 liter-1‧min vs. 75.83±1.32 liter-1‧min, p < 0.05), indicating a better functional state of the respiratory system. The maximum oxygen consumption was also significantly higher in women of the experimental group (40.55±1.69 ml∙min-1∙kg-1) compared to the control group (36.3±1.78 ml∙min-1∙kg-1, p < 0.05), indicating increased efficiency of aerobic processes and endurance of the cardiovascular system. Conclusions. Individualized fitness classes had a positive effect on the physical and functional state of women in the experimental group. They demonstrated better adaptation of the cardiovascular system to loads, improved respiratory system performance, and increased aerobic endurance.