COMPARATIVE RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF THE PREVALENCE OF PRECANCEROUS PATHOLOGY OF THE LIPS IN VARIOUS CLIMATIC AND GEOGRAPHICAL ZONES OF DAGESTAN REPUBLIC

Introduction. Precancerous lip diseases are a significant problem in modern dentistry and dermatology, as they can precede the development of malignant neoplasms. The most common nosological forms include lichen planus, lip papillomas, and leukoplakia, each of which is characterized by specific clinical manifestations and a degree of oncogenic risk. Identification of the factors influencing the prevalence of these pathologies is an important task for the prevention and early diagnosis of malignant lip tumors. Goal. To study and compare the prevalence of various nosological forms of precancerous lip diseases among the population. Methodology. In the course of the study, a retrospective assessment of the prevalence of precancerous lip diseases among the population of various climatogeographic zones was carried out. The diagnosis of precancerous diseases was carried out on the basis of a clinical examination and anamnesis analysis. The diagnosis was verified by visual examination and standard dental diagnostics. If necessary, a cytological examination of the scrapings or a histological analysis of the biopsy material was performed in patients with suspected leukoplakia and papillomatosis. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. All patients gave informed consent to participate in the study, and the work protocol was approved by the local ethics committee. Results. Lip papillomas were detected quite often, the number of patients with this pathology was in second place after the incidence of lichen planus. Leukoplakia. Patients with the prevalence of this pathology were in third place, although the number of patients was less than twice that of CPL and papillomas. Lichen planus (CRL) is the most widespread among the population living in all climatic and geographical zones of the republic.