Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Effect of Essential Oil of Anthemis pauciloba Boiss. var. pauciloba from Türkiye

Anthemis pauciloba Boiss. var. pauciloba is one of four recognized varieties in Türkiye, locally known as “bol papatya.” Its flowers are traditionally used as a cold infusion to treat asthma. The aim of the research was to determine the chemical composition of essential oil (EO) of A. pauciloba var. pauciloba aerial parts obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus, examined by GC-FID, and GC-MS, simultaneously. The EO was evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activities against microbial strains utilizing the broth-microdilution technique. α-Thujone (28.7%), α-pinene (26.7%), and β-thujone (9.0%) were found as the main constituents of EO. The antimicrobial activity (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) against gram-negative, gram-positive, and yeast was observed by the essential oil. The essential oil demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei (MIC: 1.25 mg/mL). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the aerial parts of A. pauciloba var. pauciloba was evaluated for the first time in this study.