Remdesivir postexposure prophylaxis limits measles-induced “immune amnesia” and measles antibody responses in macaques

Measles remains one of the most important causes of worldwide morbidity and mortality in children. Measles virus (MeV) replicates extensively in lymphoid tissue, and most deaths are due to other infectious diseases associated with MeV-induced loss of circulating antibodies to other pathogens. To determine whether remdesivir, a broad-spectrum direct-acting antiviral, affects MeV-induced loss of antibody to other pathogens, we expanded the VirScan technology to detect antibodies to both human and macaque pathogens. We measured the antibody reactivity to MeV and non-MeV viral peptides using plasma from MeV-infected macaques that received remdesivir either as postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) (d3-d14) or as late treatment (LT) (d11-d22) in comparison with macaques that were not treated. Remdesivir PEP, but not LT, limited the loss of antibody to non-MeV pathogens. Remdesivir PEP also limited the antibody response to MeV with a decrease in both the magnitude and breadth of the epitopes recognized. LT had little effect on the magnitude of the MeV-specific antibody response but affected the breadth of the response. Therefore, early, but not late, treatment of measles with the direct-acting antiviral remdesivir prevents the loss of antibody to other pathogens but decreases the response to MeV.

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Publication Details

Journal
JCI Insight
Published
2025-04-22
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.190740
Citations
1
Primary Topic
Immune responses and vaccinations
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.80

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article

Remdesivir postexposure prophylaxis limits measles-induced “immune amnesia” and measles antibody responses in macaques

Jacqueline Brockhurst, William R. Morgenlander, Michael J. Mina, Maggie L. Bartlett et al.
1 citations
JCI Insight
Immune responses and vaccinations
0.80
article

Remdesivir postexposure prophylaxis limits measles-induced “immune amnesia” and measles antibody responses in macaques

Jacqueline Brockhurst, William R. Morgenlander, Michael J. Mina, Maggie L. Bartlett, Kelly A. Metcalf Pate, Tomáš Cihlář, Diane E. Griffin, Nadine Peart Akindele, H. Benjamin Larman, Meghan S. Vermillion, Danielle Porter, Shristi Ghimire, Andy Kwan Pui Chan, Li‐Ting Liu, Victor C. Chu, Manjusha Thakar
article en
1 citations

Abstract

Measles remains one of the most important causes of worldwide morbidity and mortality in children. Measles virus (MeV) replicates extensively in lymphoid tissue, and most deaths are due to other infectious diseases associated with MeV-induced loss of circulating antibodies to other pathogens. To determine whether remdesivir, a broad-spectrum direct-acting antiviral, affects MeV-induced loss of antibody to other pathogens, we expanded the VirScan technology to detect antibodies to both human and macaque pathogens. We measured the antibody reactivity to MeV and non-MeV viral peptides using plasma from MeV-infected macaques that received remdesivir either as postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) (d3-d14) or as late treatment (LT) (d11-d22) in comparison with macaques that were not treated. Remdesivir PEP, but not LT, limited the loss of antibody to non-MeV pathogens. Remdesivir PEP also limited the antibody response to MeV with a decrease in both the magnitude and breadth of the epitopes recognized. LT had little effect on the magnitude of the MeV-specific antibody response but affected the breadth of the response. Therefore, early, but not late, treatment of measles with the direct-acting antiviral remdesivir prevents the loss of antibody to other pathogens but decreases the response to MeV.

JCI InsightVol. 10(11)
Johns Hopkins University (US), Johns Hopkins Medicine (US), Harvard College Observatory (US), Institute of Immunology (HR), Gilead Sciences (United States) (US), United States Naval Observatory (US), Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (US)
Gilead Sciences, National Institutes of Health
Zero hunger
Openalex Percentile: Top 29%
Immune responses and vaccinations
0.80
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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