A Survey on Security Control and Estimation for Cyber-Physical Systems Under Cyber-Attacks: Advances, Challenges and Future Directions

Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are regarded as the backbone of the fourth industrial revolution, in which communication, physical processes, and computer technology are integrated. In modern industrial systems, CPSs are widely utilized across various domains, such as smart grids, smart healthcare systems, smart vehicles, and smart manufacturing, among others. Due to their unique spatial distribution, CPSs are highly vulnerable to cyber-attacks, which may result in severe performance degradation and even system instability. Consequently, the security concerns of CPSs have attracted significant attention in recent years. In this paper, a comprehensive survey on the security issues of CPSs under cyber-attacks is provided. Firstly, mathematical descriptions of various types of cyber-attacks are introduced in detail. Secondly, two types of secure estimation and control processing schemes, including robust methods and active methods, are reviewed. Thirdly, research findings related to secure control and estimation problems for different types of CPSs are summarized. Finally, the survey is concluded by outlining the challenges and suggesting potential research directions for the future.