LOGIC IN PHILOSOPHY

Logic, derived from the Greek word "logos," which can mean word,thought,idea,argument, account,reasonor principle, is the study of reasoning or the standards and guidelines of reasonable inference and proof. It makes an effort to differentiate between sound and flawed reasoning. In a nutshell, logic is the study of the fundamentals of sound reasoning. "New and necessary reasoning" is how Aristotle described logic; it is "necessary" because its conclusions are unavoidable, and "new" because it enables us to learn things we do not already know