Карта городов Синьцзяна, составленная современными европейцами

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, explorers, caravans and military intelligence personnel from Britain, Russia, Germany, Italy and other European countries entered the Xinjiang region of China to survey and map it. At present, related books and maps are scattered in libraries around the world. This paper systematically collects and studies 25 rare maps of Xinjiang cities in Western languages, in an attempt to open a new window for observing Xinjiang cities in the background of modern European exploration of Xinjiang.