Ir/Ni Metallaphotoredox Catalysis for the C(sp<sup>3</sup>)─H Bond α‐Arylation and Alkylation of <i>N</i>‐Alkyl <i>N</i>‐Heterocycles
In this work, we report a regioselective C(sp<sup>3</sup>)─H bond α-arylation and alkylation of N-alkyl heterocycles (carbazoles, indoles and indazoles) using a Ir/Ni metallaphotoredox catalysis. This approach enables the direct functionalization of unactivated C(sp<sup>3</sup>)─H bonds at the α-position of nitrogen heterocycles, offering an efficient alternative to traditional Sn<sub>2</sub> methods and providing complementary regioselectivity to transition metal catalysis, which often results in C(sp<sup>2</sup>)─H bond arylation. The reaction employs [Ir(dF(CF<sub>3</sub>)ppy)<sub>2</sub>(dtbbpy)][PF<sub>6</sub>] as the photocatalyst and NiCl<sub>2</sub>(dtbbpy) as the nickel source, facilitating single-electron transfer (SET) to promote radical generation and organometallic elementary cross-coupling steps. The methodology allows the use of diverse aryl chlorides and alkenes demonstrating broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance. Mechanistic investigations, including radical trapping and and Stern-Volmer experiments, support a photocatalytic radical pathway. This metallaphotoredox protocol presents a robust and atom-economical route to synthesizing valuable N-alkyl-N-aryl heterocycles.
Authors
- Bin Lv (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-306X)
- Jean‐François Soulé (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6593-1995)
- Fang‐Ying Ling
Institutions
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Chimie ParisTech - PSL (FR)
- Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (FR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Chemistry - A European Journal
- Published
- 2025-04-30
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202500938
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Catalytic C–H Functionalization Methods
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.94
Funders
- China Scholarship Council