Optimization of the courtyard building form to enhance the thermo-luminous performances using numerical simulation models

This study aims to optimize the form of courtyard buildings to improve thermo-luminous performance through numerical simulation models in hot, arid climates. Courtyard architecture is particularly effective in mitigating the adverse effects of extreme climatic conditions, such as elevated air temperatures and intense solar radiation. Incorporating a central courtyard into building designs enhances both daylighting and thermal conditions within adjacent interior spaces, as evidenced by prior research. To ensure occupant comfort, meticulous design of the building form is essential. balancing the demands for cooling and daylighting during the design process remains a challenge. To achieve optimal thermo-luminous conditions, the study employs numerical simulations using the "DesignBuilder" software to assess the equilibrium between thermal and luminous performance. The proposed research utilizes a range of geometric environmental parameters, such as: Opening Ratio (OR), Aspect Ratio (AR), and Solar Shadow Index (SSI) to optimize the thermal and luminous environment. The findings indicate that a deep-shallow courtyard configuration is the most effective design for achieving a balanced thermo-luminous environment.