Operation of autonomous electromechanical converters of low and medium power

Purpose. To assess the reliability of operation of low and medium power electromechanical converters based on real experience in operating such systems. Methodology. Statistical analysis methods, classical calculation methods for synchronous salient pole generators with electromagnetic excitation. Findings. An analysis of failure statistics of autonomous electromechanical converters of small and medium power was carried out. The results obtained emphasize the need to implement generator condition monitoring systems for early detection of malfunctions. Regular diagnostics and load control will help prevent critical breakdowns and increase the service life of the equipment. The collected statistical data can be used to develop effective preventive measures, improve maintenance instructions and optimize generator operating modes. Further research can be aimed at developing algorithms for automatic load distribution between phases, improving protection systems and increasing the reliability of insulating materials. An analysis of the failure statistics of diesel and gasoline generators showed that electrical breakdowns account for 51% of cases, and mechanical ones - 49%. This indicates an approximately even distribution between the two categories of failures, which indicates the need for a comprehensive approach to maintenance and diagnostics. When using these installations for military purposes, the balance of failures shifts: mechanical failures: 75-85%, electrical failures: 15-25%. Among electrical failures, the most common are damage to the stator windings due to load asymmetry, failure of voltage regulators, malfunctions of the battery system and violations of the insulation of the electrical wiring. Mechanical failures are most often associated with wear of the piston group, insufficient lubrication, engine overheating due to malfunctions of the cooling system and malfunctions in the fuel system. Originality. A detailed generalization of the experience of operating autonomous electromechanical converters in real conditions was carried out, which allowed us to establish the regularities of their operation, identify typical problems and develop recommendations for their elimination. The methods for assessing the efficiency of autonomous electromechanical converters proposed in the study can be used for further modernization of existing systems, as well as for creating new highly efficient autonomous power generating units. Practical value. The results of the study have practical value for engineers, users and manufacturers of electromechanical equipment. The results obtained can be used to improve the efficiency and reliability of autonomous power systems operating in various conditions. In particular, it is possible to reduce maintenance costs, improve energy efficiency and extend the service life of the equipment. The results obtained can be used in the development of recommendations for the selection, modernization and diagnostics of autonomous electromechanical installations.