An analisis of rhinoplasty complications (a literature review)

The purpose of the study: to analyze and systematize the most common complications of rhinoplasty based on the literature data. Material and methods . Scientific articles in the databases PubMed, eLibrary, Scopus, Medscape, Cyberleninka were analyzed. The following terms were used in search queries: “rhinoplasty”, “septoplasty”, “rhinoplasty complications”, “rhinoplasty outcomes”, “airflow assessment”, “septoplasty complications”, “secondary rhinoplasty”, “rhinoplasty outcomes classification”, “functional rhinoplasty complications”, “nasal surgery outcomes”. The data of 88 foreign and 3 domestic articles on the topic under consideration were selected. Results. Based on a review of the literature on the topic under study, it was found that the side effects that occur during the correction of deformities of the external nose are classified according to the time of their occurrence: during surgery, in the immediate postoperative period and in the long-term period after surgery. Their occurrence may be due to various factors, including mistakes made during surgery, reaction to anesthesia, exacerbation of chronic diseases during surgery, or inadequate postoperative care. According to various estimates, the overall complication rate during surgery reaches 25%. Long-term effects of classical rhinoplasty are observed in 2–10% of cases. The most common complications include: persistent difficulty in nasal breathing, bleeding, septal hematoma, perforation of the nasal septum, formation of adhesions in the nasal cavity, infectious complications and aesthetic defects. There are no major studies in the Russian literature devoted to a systematic description of the most common complications of rhinoplasty. Conclusion. The steady increase in the number of operations aimed at correcting the external nose requires further study of the structure of possible complications, the surgical methods used and the materials used to reduce the number of revision interventions.