The Role of Melatonin in Insomnia and Neurodegenerative Conditions: A Critical Study

The subsequent leading cause of mortality, neurodegenerative diseases (ND), gradually reduces the capacity of the central or peripheral nervous system to function properly and think coherently. In contemporary culture, the primary goal of public health is ND prevention. Numerous physiological functions in the brain are regulated by the hormone Melatonin (MLT), It was generated in the Pineal Gland (PG). Circadian rhythms (CR), biomolecular oxidation, eliminating free radicals, and preventing neuroinflammation are some of these mechanisms. MLT has been proven to have a multitude of neuroprotective effects through altering signaling pathways and pathophysiological processes. Neurological disorders may cause lower MLT levels. MLT regulates itself, interacts with molecules, and affects biological processes in ND. We also discuss the therapeutic use of MLT in the management of neurodegenerative illnesses. This knowledge might lead to the development of cutting-edge therapeutic approaches for the treatment of different ND and further our understanding of how MLT controls the brain's Circadian Rhythm (CR).