Palmitoylethanolamide as an emerging therapy for neurodegenerative diseases

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) was studied for its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Recent research has shown that it protects HT-22 neuronal cells from oxidative stress caused by hypoxia and reoxygenation, through the activation of signalling pathways such as pAkt and ERK1/2. In addition, it modulates the activation of microglia and astrocytes, reducing inflammation and neuronal damage. Its action did not depend on the CB2 receptor, which indicated a novel mechanism. Its therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases such as ischaemic stroke, which is common in Latin America, was highlighted. Although its safety profile was favourable, additional clinical studies were indicated for its implementation. Regional cooperation was presented as a key factor in advancing its clinical application.