Optimizing Internet of Things Services Placement in Fog Computing Using Hybrid Recommendation System

Fog Computing extends Cloud computing capabilities by providing computational resources closer to end users. Fog Computing has gained considerable popularity in various domains such as drones, autonomous vehicles, and smart cities. In this context, the careful selection of suitable Fog resources and the optimal assignment of services to these resources (the service placement problem (SPP)) is essential. Numerous studies have attempted to tackle this issue. However, to the best of our knowledge, none of the previously proposed works took into consideration the dynamic context awareness and the user preferences for IoT service placement. To deal with this issue, we propose a hybrid recommendation system for service placement that combines two techniques: collaborative filtering and content-based recommendation. By considering user and service context, user preferences, service needs, and resource availability, the proposed recommendation system provides optimal placement suggestions for each IoT service. To assess the efficiency of the proposed system, a validation scenario based on Internet of Drones (IoD) was simulated and tested. The results show that the proposed approach leads to a considerable reduction in waiting time and a substantial improvement in resource utilization and the number of executed services.