Evaluating Clarity and Quality of Sinus Augmentation Information Online

Introduction: This study evaluates the transparency, information quality, and readability of English-language websites concerning maxillary sinus augmentation, aiming to distinguish between clinical and blog-type websites. The findings underscore the importance of improving online health information to support informed decision-making and enhance health literacy. Materials and Methods: In August 2024, an internet search was conducted using Google Chrome along with Google, Bing, Yahoo, and Yandex search engines, employing specific keywords related to maxillary sinus augmentation. Websites were independently evaluated by two observers using established tools, including the JAMA benchmarks, DISCERN, QUEST, and EQIP, to assess transparency, information quality, and adherence to evidence-based practices. Readability was assessed using the Flesch–Kincaid tests, Gunning-Fog Index, SMOG, Coleman-Liau Index, and Automated Readability Index. Statistical comparisons were performed using non-parametric tests. Results: Among the 137 websites analyzed, 21.89% to 24.08% achieved scores above the 75th percentile for transparency and information quality, as evaluated by JAMA, DISCERN, QUEST, and EQIP tools. Blog-like websites scored significantly higher than clinical websites across all assessment tools (p