Antibacterial and Antibiofilm of Cinnamomum burmanii Bark Oil (CbBO) against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603: In Vitro Study

Many cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pn), an infectious disease bacterium. Hospital inpatients can be exposed to this occurrence; MDR has transformed 26.96% of infections at Klaten Hospital into highly infectious biofilms, while 54.49% of infections have produced biofilms. Approximately 80% of bacterial illnesses resistant to antibiotics are caused by biofilm-forming bacteria. To reduce biofilm formation, antibacterial compounds, one of which comes from natural products, are necessary. Renowned for its essential oil, Cinnamomum burmanii Bark Oil (CbBO) has been utilized extensively in herbal medicine to combat pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Enterobacter spp., and Staphylococcus aureus. This study aims to evaluate CbBO’s antibacterial capabilities using the microdilution method and its antibiofilm properties against K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603 using the MTT test. A CbBO minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.25 mg/mL and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.125 mg/mL were employed for antibacterial activity. The antibiofilm potential was determined by measuring the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) at 0.5 mg/mL and the minimum biofilm inhibition concentration (MBIC) at 0.25 mg/mL. In conclusion, CbBO demonstrated antimicrobial and antibiofilm qualities. However, a greater concentration of CbBO was required for antibiofilm formation than for antibacterial purposes.