Legal support of vocational training and professional orientation of vulnerable categories of population

The article examines the peculiarities of legal support for vocational guidance, vocational training and employment of vulnerable groups of the population. It is noted that Russia’s military aggression has had a negative impact on the Ukrainian labour market, which is why there is a low level of employment and a high level of unemployment. It is stated that the State has faced new challenges in revising the State policy to promote employment of citizens and ensure that the professions and qualifications of citizens seeking employment meet the market demand. It is noted that ensuring the sustainability of the labour market begins with vocational guidance aimed at intensifying the process of professional self-determination and realisation of the ability to work. Particular attention is paid to vocational training, the essence of which is to provide individuals with the knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for their work. The analysis of the legislation shows that the vocational training system covers three categories of the population: 1) persons undergoing primary vocational training in educational institutions and other institutions that provide or ensure the training of skilled workers and specialists, 2) employees undergoing primary vocational training, retraining and advanced training during their employment, 3) unemployed job seekers in need of initial vocational training, retraining or advanced training. Detailed attention is paid to an international initiative called the Skills Alliance, which has united a large number of European governments, various international financial institutions, organisations and private companies around the idea of creating opportunities for a large number of Ukrainians to take part in retraining or advanced training over the next three years. An example is given of such an initiative as Skills4Recovery, which offered veterans a large number of short-term courses and full-fledged study programmes in vocational, higher and higher education institutions. It is noted that vocational guidance, vocational training and employment can be obtained by the unemployed within the framework of social services.