Proteomic Analysis of the Levilactobacillus brevis 47f Strain under Oxidative Stress

Oxidative stress in a cell is an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and the ability to inactivate oxidants and restore damaged molecules. Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of many human diseases. Lactobacilli, being permanent components of the human intestinal microbiota, are able to reduce the manifestations of oxidative stress in a macroorganism and are used as pharmabiotics in the treatment of diseases caused by it. The strain Levilactobacillus brevis 47f was isolated from the human intestine, was studied in vitro and in vivo, and is a potential probiotic with antioxidant action. The mechanisms determining the response of the strain to oxidative stress remain poorly understood. The objective of this work was to investigate the reaction of the L. brevis 47f strain to oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide and oxygen using quantitative proteomic analysis. When exposed to both oxidants, the viability of the strain cells remained virtually unchanged, but both oxidants caused significant, but different, changes in the expression of proteins. Oxygen had a stronger effect on the strain than hydrogen peroxide. Under the action of peroxide, stress response proteins were mainly activated, while under the action of oxygen, significant changes in metabolism occurred.