Evaluation of Venous Thromboembolism in Multiple Myeloma and Its Impact on Mortality

Abs tractAim: Thromboembolism in multiple myeloma (MM) is a common complication and its relationship with increased mortality is unclear.We aimed to reveal the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the first year of treatment for newly diagnosed MM patients, its effects on mortality, and to evaluate predictive models of VTE in our patients.Methods: This study was conducted as a retrospective cohort study.A total of 150 consecutive adult patients who were newly diagnosed with and treated for MM were included in the study, conducted at our university hospital from January 2013 to June 2022.The study gathered information on patients' age, gender, type of disease, history of blood clots, surgeries and fractures, body mass index, lab and genetic test results at diagnosis before starting treatment for MM, initial treatment given, use of central venous catheters, blood clot events in the first year of treatment, when these events happened, how they were managed, outcomes of the blood clot events, whether they received preventive treatment for blood clots related to MM or other reasons, their status regarding autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and their survival. Results:The incidence of VTE was 8% in the first year of treatment.The median VTE occurrence was 60 days.The mortality rate in the entire patient group was 48%.Median survival was 72 months in patients with a VTE event, while it was 58 months in patients without a VTE event.This difference was not found to be statistically significant (p=0.357).Being in the high-risk group of the IMPEDE VTE score was a statistically significant predictor of a VTE event (p=0.027) in univariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion:We showed that VTE events in the first year of treatment did not increase mortality.Except for high risk, the IMPEDE VTE score and the PRISM score models did not predict the risk of VTE in our group of patients.