Influence of process factors and photobioreactor design on microalgae cultivation

Abstract Extensive research has examined the impact of photobioreactor design and cultivation conditions on the growth of microalgae. This study explores culture media, photobioreactor types, and key process factors influencing algal productivity. It introduces innovative photobioreactor designs – flat, tubular, and columnar – optimized for improved light distribution, oxygen transfer, aeration, and mixing. The study discusses effective light exposure strategies to enhance productivity, emphasizing the critical role of light in microalgae cultivation. It also addresses challenges in scaling up photobioreactor systems, considering parameters such as surface gas velocity, mixing time, and circulation speed. The findings provide insights for future research aimed at developing economically viable, industrial‐scale microalgae cultivation technologies.