High-Resolution Building Indicator Mapping Using Airborne LiDAR Data

Urban indicators established in spatial development plans should ensure the preservation of spatial order when introducing new construction investments. They should also harmonize with the existing urban structure and even modernize it toward sustainable development. When determining these indicators, the surrounding space is analyzed. Conventionally, building indicators in the existing space are determined based on available documents, which usually comprise 2D spatial data such as large-scale maps or cadastral maps. This study aims to investigate the method of calculating building indicators using 3D urban building models that will be created from airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) measurements. In the discussion of the results, indicators calculated based on LiDAR data are compared with the ones calculated from 2D cadastral data. The calculated 3D indicators correlate with the classically calculated indicators. The accuracy of the computed building area, volume, and other indicators depends on the LiDAR point cloud density and accuracy. The indicators calculated from the 3D data align with the new trends in defining Building Morphology Indicators (BMIs).