Medicina veterinária baseada em evidências: Avanços em terapias conservadoras e cirúrgicas para displasia coxofemoral canina

Hip dysplasia (HD) is a multifactorial orthopedic disease that compromises the functionality and quality of life of dogs, mainly affecting large breeds. This study consists of a descriptive and exploratory literature review, carried out with the objective of synthesizing evidence on conservative therapies and surgical interventions for HD. The research was conducted in electronic databases such as SciELO and the Virtual Health Library (VHL), using standardized descriptors and covering studies published between 2010 and 2025. Conservative approaches, including physical therapy, hydrotherapy, acupuncture and the use of anti-inflammatories, as well as surgical techniques such as juvenile pubic symphysiodesis, colocephalectomy and total hip replacement, were analyzed. The results highlight that conservative therapies are effective in mild cases and as postoperative support, while surgical interventions are more indicated at advanced stages, offering structural correction and definitive pain relief. Innovations such as the use of stem cells and platelet-rich plasma show potential to optimize tissue regeneration and functional recovery. It is concluded that the choice of treatment should be based on a careful evaluation, with the integration of preventive and therapeutic strategies being of fundamental importance to face the challenges of this complex and progressive condition.