Domination of fluid rheological parameters on gold nanofluid drug delivery in trapezoidal stenosed vessel

A common consequence of the human circulatory system is stenosis, a disorder in which plaque accumulation causes blood arteries to narrow, impairing blood flow. Gold nanofluids have become viable drug-delivery vehicles for particular therapies because of their special thermal and electrical characteristics. This work aims to examine how the flow of gold nanofluid via a trapezoidal stenosed artery is affected by non-Newtonian fluid behavior, as defined by the Robertson–Stiff model. We investigate how several parameters, such as fluid consistency coefficient [Formula: see text] and fluid behavior index [Formula: see text] affect hemodynamic properties like pressure, shear stress and velocity. The flow of a non-Newtonian gold nanofluid via a trapezoidal-stenosed artery is simulated mathematically. A finite difference algorithm is used for computing the governing equations, which include the continuity and momentum equations. By altering the fluid consistency coefficient and fluid behavior index values, the impacts of various parameters on the flow characteristics are examined. The fluid’s non-Newtonian behavior has a substantial impact on the flow patterns and hemodynamic parameters, according to the results of the computational simulation. The narrowed area experiences increased velocity and shear stress due to the stenosis, which may cause damage to the arterial wall. The fluid’s consistency and thermal conductivity are changed when gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are added, which further affects the flow properties. The hemodynamic consequences of non-Newtonian gold nanofluid flow through a trapezoidal-stenosed artery are better understood by virtue of this study. The results can help with the creation of innovative medical equipment and efficient drug delivery plans for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders.