Enzyme Activity Profile of Crude and Purified Xylanase and Cellulase Produced Using Substrate Fermentation from Indigenously Isolated Streptomyces Lividans

The increasing awareness about sustainable processes mandates the exploration of lignocellulosic agrowaste for the production of valuable industrial enzymes like xylanase and cellulase. This study investigates xylanase and cellulase production from an indigenously isolated Streptomyces lividans through substrate fermentation of agrowaste, highlighting the significance of optimizing various parameters for enhanced enzyme activity. The rationale behind this study stems from the urgent need of sustainable solutions to manage agricultural waste while producing commercially important xylanase and cellulase. A systematic approach involving response surface methodology was employed to evaluate the effects of key factors such as temperature (20-60 °C), pH (2-8), substrate concentration (5-25 mg %), ammonium sulphate, and dextrose on enzyme production. The specific enzyme activities under optimal conditions were found to be 4.21 µmol/mg-minute for xylanase and 3.97 µmol/mg-minute for cellulase, with substrate concentration emerging as the primary contributor to enzyme yield, as indicated by the experimental design matrix and three-dimensional contour plots. These findings underscore the industrial relevance of Streptomyces lividans in enzyme production and suggest avenues for further research in optimizing fermentation conditions. Future studies should focus on large-scale applications and the potential enhancement of enzyme activity through genetic manipulation, thereby improving the viability of xylanase and cellulase in various industries, including biofuels, textiles, and bioremediation.