Commentator Discussion: Surgical pathways and risk categories in the management of hypoplastic left heart syndrome and variants

So, nice presentation both looking at some short-term outcomes and longterm outcomes.I have a couple of questions.The first really relates to risk factors.There were some changes from the pre-Cox to the post-Cox.And it seems like you took out a lot of risk factors that at least other studies, including our own intuition, suggest are real.Do you think that those fell out because we've learned to mitigate them?Or is it just a small sample size, because I think there were a lot of things in there that seem like they should confer risk.And as part of that, did you look at all at sorts of kids who had more than 1 risk factor?So, if they had 2 of those high-risk factors, were they the ones who weren't going to survive?Dr V. Reed LaSala (New York, NY).Yeah.A great question.I think a little bit of both.There are definitely risk factors that had very low incidence in our cohort, such as intact atrial septum, for instance.There are only 7 patients with intact atrial septum, but I do think that prompt management-a risk factor such as that with prompt blue natural cystotomy, really mitigated that risk factor as well.So, I think a little bit of both, yeah.In terms of the composite outcomes, no, we did not look at any composite outcomes, but